Timolol Maleate Ophthalmic Solution 0.5% w/v Suppliers & Bulk Manufacturers

Available Forms: Solution

Available Strengths: 0.5% w/v

Reference Brands:

Category: Opthalmology

Timolol maleate ophthalmic solution, when applied topically on the eye, has the action of reducing elevated as well as normal intraocular pressure, whether or not accompanied by glaucoma. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous visual field loss. The higher the level of intraocular pressure, the greater the likelihood of glaucomatous visual field loss and optic nerve damage.

Product Description:

Timolol is a non-selective beta blocker formulated as an eye drop. Applied to the eye it reduces the production of aqueous humour by the ciliary body, so less fluid enters the anterior chamber and intraocular pressure falls — typically by a fifth to a quarter. It was the drug that established medical rather than surgical management as the first line in glaucoma, and it remains a reference standard against which newer agents are compared.

It is used for ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma, instilled once or twice daily, often combined in fixed-dose products with a prostaglandin analogue or carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. The essential clinical point is that eye drops are absorbed systemically through the nasolacrimal duct, and enough timolol reaches the circulation to cause bronchospasm in asthmatics, bradycardia and heart block. It is contraindicated in asthma, severe COPD and significant bradyarrhythmia. Punctal occlusion after instillation reduces systemic absorption.

Sourcing notes. Long off patent, very widely multi-source, and among the least expensive glaucoma treatments — which keeps it first-line across much of Asia and Africa. Preserved and preservative-free presentations exist; preservative-free unit doses matter for long-term users and for patients with ocular surface disease. Store below 25 degrees, protect from light.